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In this work, a computer vision sensor for the extraction of slug length, slug velocity and phase ratio from capillary liquidâliquid slug flows from video feeds in real-time, including the necessary post-processing algorithms, is developed. The developed sensor is shown to be capable of simultaneously monitoring multiple capillaries and provides reasonable accuracy at less than 3.5% mean relative error. Subsequently, the sensor is used for the control of a parallelized and actively regulated ...
A novel concept for programmable mixed-signal circuits is presented based on programmable transmission gates. For implementation, memristively switching devices are suggested as the most promising candidates for realization of fast and small-footprint signal routing switches with small resistance and capacity. As a proof-of-concept, LT Spice simulations of digital and analogue example circuits implemented by the new concept are demonstrated. It is discussed how important design parameters can...
Upon tribological loading, especially at elevated temperatures or in humidity, chemical transitions and structural processes are known to take place in solid thin film lubricants like amorphous carbons (a-C) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) and to critically limit their performance. To accommodate those restrictions, a selection of element-modifications is applied on a regular basis. General aim is to analyse structural and chemical properties in a-C and MoS2 thin films. The understanding of ...
High-precision measurements of observables of the Standard Model of particle physics, like the CKM matrix parameters, are key to answering the open questions of particle physics. The most precise CKM angle sin(2ÎČ) can be optimally determined by a decay-time dependent measurement of CP violation in BâÏKS0 decays. In this thesis data from BâJ/Ï(âΌΌ)KS0, BâÏ(2S)(âΌΌ)KS0 and BâJ/Ï(âee)KS0 decays is analysed with KS0âÏ+Ï- collected at a centre-of-mass energy of âs = 13TeV with pp collisions by the...
This dissertation presents a thorough investigation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosures across four essays, examining its development, present implementations, regulatory shifts, and impacts on diverse stakeholders. Prompted by the European Union's European Green Deal, the growing focus on sustainability and the incorporation of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into corporate strategies have led to an increased demand for transparent disclosure of companies...
Coherent many-body states are highly promising for robust quantum information processing. While far-reaching theoretical predictions have been made for various implementations, direct experimental evidence of their appealing properties can be challenging. Here, we demonstrate optical manipulation of the nuclear spin ensemble in the lead halide perovskite semiconductor FAPbBr3 (FAâ=âformamidinium), targeting a long-postulated collective dark state that is insensitive to optical pumping after i...
For the processing of diamond-metal matrix composites, the powder bed fusion using a laser for metals (PBF-LB/M), represents a new promising method for the additive manufacturing of diamond tools for concrete and rock machining, even with more complicated geometries. Previous research activities show a strong tendency for cracking and delamination during the construction process of the samples. This behavior is caused by thermal residual stresses associated with the embedded diamonds. To cont...
Background: An important problem in toxicology in the context of gene expression data is the simultaneous inference of a large number of concentrationâresponse relationships. The quality of the inference substantially depends on the choice of design of the experiments, in particular, on the set of different concentrations, at which observations are taken for the different genes under consideration. As this set has to be the same for all genes, the efficient planning of such experiments is ...
We present a new dataset of 3000 artificial music tracks with rich annotations based on real instrument samples and generated by algorithmic composition with respect to music theory. Our collection provides ground truth onset information and has several advantages compared to many available datasets. It can be used to compare and optimize algorithms for various music information retrieval tasks like music segmentation, instrument recognition, source separation, onset detection, key and chord ...
Das Design molekularer Emitter auf Basis von hĂ€ufig vorkommenden Metallen, wie z.B. Kupfer(I), ist eine Herausforderung der gegenwĂ€rtigen Forschung und wird in dieser Arbeit thematisiert. Lumineszente Materialien in z.B. OLEDs enthalten hĂ€ufig teure Edelmetalle mit örtlich begrenztem Vorkommen, wodurch aktuell eine geopolitische AbhĂ€ngigkeit entsteht und in Zukunft der Bedarf fĂŒr die Massenprodukte nicht abgedeckt werden kann. Ein weiteres Problem von OLEDs ist die StabilitĂ€t und LichtsĂ€ttigu...
2D materials, like the antiferromagnetic van der Waals semiconductors FePS3 studied in this work, open up new possibilities for technological applications due to the unique interaction of their magnetization with electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, they provide the potential to study magnetism and magnetization dynamics in reduced dimensions. Up do date, the coherent control of the magnetization of these materials has barely been studied. Our research addresses ...
Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon that can cause severe destruction within urban areas. In particular, cascading effects resulting from the earthquake, such as liquefaction, fires, landslides and tsunamis, can increase the resulting damage. In addition, current experience shows that strict building regulations, such as specifications on statics and the design of the building structure, and strategic planning by the city, are the best way so far to minimise damage from earthquakes. On ...
Background: There are different teaching methods and learning content in the academic field of mathematics between school and university. Many students fail in their studies when the proportion of mathematics is high. Additionally, dropout rates, due to mathematical performance, are high. However, there are different strategies used to improve mathematical skills. Based on the process model of self-regulated learning, an analysis of the association between motivational aspects in the pre-a...
Time use during travel has been the subject of considerable research in recent years thanks to its crucial role in determining the utility of travel time. While most of these studies have documented the effects of demographics and trip characteristics on travel time use, the effect of gender is still ambiguous. To understand the role of gender in travel time use, we explore the effect of gender interaction with non-travel time use behavior (daily habits, multitasking and preferences), joint t...
Memristive switches are among the most promising building blocks for future neuromorphic computing. These devices are based on a complex interplay of redox reactions on the nanoscale. Nanoionic phenomena enable non-linear and low-power resistance transition in ultra-short programming times. However, when not controlled, the same electrochemical reactions can result in device degradation and instability over time. Two-dimensional barriers have been suggested to precisely manipulate the nanoion...
The European Union stands as a remarkable example of regional economic and political integration, fostering trade relationships among its member states through committing to joint laws and policies. Despite all the EUâs successes, it faces constant challenges. This thesis combines three chapters and reflects upon various dimensions of international trade within the EU. By applying theory consistent structural gravity estimations this thesis sheds light on the influence of converging and ...
Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wird ein Verfahren zur Identifikation von Teilnetzen in der Mittelspannungsebene entwickelt. Die Besonderheit liegt vor allem in der adaptiven Implementierung und Erweiterung in Ortsnetzstationen durch den Einsatz von Virtualisierungslösungen und Algorithmen des maschinellen Lernens. Der Begriff Teilnetz beschreibt eine physikalisch vom Verbundsystem isolierte und von der GröĂe unbestimmte Versorgungsstruktur, welche aufgrund auftretender Störungen unbeabsichtig...
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